句(2)则使用条件分句带出study的主语,(不过已经不是分词结构了)。
分词独立结构常省略being,having been.不过‘There being…’的场合不能省略。
如:
Game (being) over,he went home.
He stands there,book (being) in hand.
独立结构还可用with、without引导,作状语或定语。这种结构不但可以用分词,还可以用不定式、形容词、介词短语、副词或名词等。
如:
With nothing to do,he fell asleep soon.无事可做,他很快就睡着了。
The teacher came in,with glasses on his nose.老师进来了,戴着一付眼镜。(注意,此句on his nose不可省略!)