th century. In Stendhal’s time, prose novels included dialogue and omniscient narrator descriptions; his great contribution to literary technique was describing the psychologies （feelings, thoughts, inner monologues） of the characters, resultantly he is considered the creator of the psychological novel.
　　
　　The paper's opening sentence：“If your characters do not talk about politics, they are not the French in 1830.” is the famous sentence in The Red and The Black. The material of The Red and The Black is based on a realistic event that a tutor killed her hostess in 1827. When Stendhal read the story in the newspaper, he adapted it and wrote the long bildungsroman novel The Red and The Black. The work, previously titled Julien, then, changed into The Red and The Black. The Red symbolizes many things, the uniform of the Napoleon era, Mrs. Renal’s blood, revolution and contribution by the common people. The Black also stands for robes of priests, Martel’s mourning apparel and the p